Meet Costa Rica’s Cutest Rainforest Resident
Deep in the lush rainforests of Costa Rica, an endangered yet incredibly charismatic monkey swings through the trees—the Central American Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri oerstedii), also known as the red-backed squirrel monkey. These small primates are not only adorable but also play a vital role in the ecosystem.
Here are 10 fascinating facts about this rare and beautiful monkey that call Costa Rica home!
One of the Smallest Monkeys in the Americas
The Central American squirrel monkey is one of the smallest primates in the New World. Adults typically weigh between 1.5 to 2.5 pounds (700–1100 grams) and measure about 10 to 14 inches in body length, with an additional 14–17 inch long tail.
Found Only in Costa Rica and Panama
Unlike other squirrel monkey species found across South America, this specific species is only found in two countries: Costa Rica and Panama. The majority of the population lives along Costa Rica’s Pacific Coast, in places like Manuel Antonio National Park.
Unique Red-Backed Fur
They are easily identifiable by their golden-yellow limbs, white facial mask, and a distinct reddish-orange patch on their backs—giving them their red-backed squirrel monkey name.
Highly Social & Live in Large Groups
These monkeys are highly social and live in troops of 20 to 75 individuals. They communicate using chirps, whistles, and calls and often engage in playful activities like chasing, jumping, and grooming.
Incredible Jumpers & Agile Climbers
Red-backed squirrel monkeys are expert climbers and jumpers. They use their long tails for balance and can leap up to 10 feet (3 meters) between trees, helping them escape predators like snakes, eagles, and ocelots.
Omnivorous Diet with a Sweet Tooth
They have a varied diet, eating fruits, insects, small vertebrates, nectar, and flowers. They especially love eating bananas, mangos, and other tropical fruits, making them essential seed dispersers in the rainforest.
Endangered Status Due to Habitat Loss
Sadly, the Central American squirrel monkey is endangered due to deforestation, habitat fragmentation, and illegal pet trade. Conservation efforts are underway in Costa Rica’s wildlife reserves to help protect these primates.
A Unique Rainforest Alarm System
These monkeys act as a natural warning system for other animals. They give loud alarm calls when they spot predators like birds of prey, helping other animals escape danger.
Breeding Season & Motherly Care
Females give birth to a single baby after a 5-month pregnancy. Unlike other primates, only the mother carries the baby, providing all care until it is old enough to explore on its own.
Protected in Costa Rica’s National Parks
Thanks to conservation programs, these monkeys are found in protected areas like Manuel Antonio National Park, Corcovado National Park, and Piedras Blancas National Park. Visiting these parks responsibly helps support eco-tourism and conservation efforts.
The Central American squirrel monkey is a true rainforest gem, but its survival depends on conservation efforts. If you visit Costa Rica, you can witness these playful monkeys in their natural habitat and support local wildlife rescue centers.