Costa Rica’s National Bird: The Clay-colored Thrush

A Closer Look at the Humble yet Beloved ‘Yigüirro’

Costa Rica is home to some of the most stunning birds on the planet, from the resplendent quetzal to vibrant toucans. However, the Clay-colored Thrush (Turdus grayi) also known locally as the Yigüirro, holds a special place in Costa Rican culture as the country’s official national bird.

Unlike more flamboyant species, this unassuming brown thrush was chosen for its cultural significance and beautiful song, signaling the arrival of the rainy season.

Yigüirro - Clay-colored Thrush — Clay-Colored Thrush (Turdus grayi)

Here are 10 fascinating facts about this remarkable bird that every wildlife lover should know!

The Clay-colored Thrush is Costa Rica’s National Bird

In 1977, Costa Rica declared the Clay-colored Thrush its national bird, not for its looks, but for its melodious song and strong connection to local traditions. Farmers and rural communities have long associated its dawn chorus with the start of the rainy season, a crucial time for agriculture.

A Master Songbird

The Yigüirro is famous for its rich, flute-like song, which males use to attract mates and defend their territory. During the breeding season (April–June), they sing loudly before storms, leading to the belief that they “call the rain”.

They Thrive in Urban and Rural Areas

Unlike many tropical birds that prefer dense forests, the Clay-colored Thrush is highly adaptable and commonly seen in gardens, coffee plantations, and city parks throughout Costa Rica. Their ability to live alongside humans contributes to their cultural significance.

Subtle Yet Beautiful Plumage

While not as colorful as toucans or parrots, the Clay-colored Thrush has warm brown plumage that helps it blend into its surroundings. Their yellowish bill and reddish-brown eyes give them a distinct charm up close.

Found from Mexico to Northern South America

The Clay-colored Thrush is widespread, ranging from southern Texas and Mexico to Colombia, Venezuela, and Ecuador. In Costa Rica, it’s one of the most common birds, seen year-round in various habitats.

Diet: A Love for Fruit and Insects

This species enjoys a varied diet, feeding on fruits, berries, and insects. They play an essential role in seed dispersal, helping tropical trees grow in the wild.

A Diligent Nest Builder

Females construct cup-shaped nests using twigs, leaves, and mud, usually placing them in trees or shrubs. They lay 2–4 eggs per clutch, and both parents help feed the chicks.

The Clay-colored Thrush and Costa Rican Folklore

Local legends say that hearing a Yigüirro sing near your home brings good luck and signals prosperity. Many Costa Ricans cherish this bird not just as a symbol of nature but as a part of their cultural heritage.

Related to the American Robin

The Clay-colored Thrush belongs to the Turdidae family, making it a close relative of the American Robin (Turdus migratorius). Like robins, they are active foragers, often seen hopping on lawns looking for food.

Climate Change May Impact Its Future

While currently not endangered, changes in climate and deforestation could affect food availability and nesting sites in the future. Conservation efforts aimed at preserving Costa Rica’s forests help maintain healthy populations.